黃金走弱,白銀測試90美元/盎司
週三美國股市尾盤交易中,現貨黃金價格走低,現貨白銀價格走強。強勁的美國生產者物價指數、美元走強以及接近4.5%的美國公債殖利率抵銷了受美伊衝突和霍爾木茲海峽危機影響的避險需求。截至發稿時,現貨黃金報每盎司4,687.20美元附近,下跌0.58%;現貨白銀報每盎司8,7,660美元,上漲1.09%。
4月生產者物價指數(PPI)調整了宏觀經濟基調。繼3月上漲0.7%和2月上漲0.6%之後,4月最終需求PPI上漲1.4%,創下自2022年3月以來的最大單月漲幅。 12個月PPI漲幅升至6.0%,其中最終需求商品價格上漲2.0%,服務價格上漲1.2%,能源價格飆漲7.8%,汽油價格更是上漲15.6%。
繼週二公佈的4月CPI數據之後,PPI數據也隨之發布。 CPI數據顯示,4月消費者物價月增0.6%,年增3.8%。核心CPI季增0.4%,較去年同期上漲2.8%。這兩天的通膨數據令降息預期承壓,即使中東風險仍存在於能源和貴金屬市場,黃金價格也未能守住4,700美元上方。
美伊衝突仍然是影響黃金價格的核心地緣政治因素。停火外交陷入僵局,霍爾木茲海峽仍受阻,經由該水道的石油流量仍遠低於正常水準。預計到2025年,每天約有2,000萬桶原油和石油產品經由霍爾木茲海峽運輸,約佔全球海運石油貿易量的四分之一。
對於黃金而言,這場衝突具有雙重影響:它支撐了避險需求和地緣政治對沖,但由此引發的石油衝擊也推高了通膨預期,推高了名義收益率,並走強美元,這在周三抑制了黃金價格。
白銀走勢與黃金截然不同。白銀當日交易區間在82.710美元至89.470美元之間波動,90美元關口成為焦點,白銀兌黃金的表現也進一步優於黃金。這一走勢維持了金銀比價壓縮交易的活躍,工業需求和相對價值買盤抵消了先前對黃金構成壓力的收益率和美元走低因素。
主要外部市場方面,紐約商品交易所WTI原油價格走低,交易價格在每桶101.02美元左右,布蘭特原油價格接近每桶105.63美元。美元指數在PPI數據公佈後走強。基準10年期美國公債殖利率在4.5%附近交易。
伊朗戰爭引發的全球石油衝擊可能需要歐洲央行升息
歐洲央行首席經濟學家菲利普萊恩週三表示,伊朗戰爭引發的全球石油衝擊很可能需要歐洲央行提高利率,以阻止更高的燃料成本蔓延至工資、預期和更廣泛的物價。
萊恩闡述了歐洲央行在 6 月升息的理由,一些政策制定者認為這是幾次升息中的第一次,儘管能源進口大國歐元區的經濟成長正遭受衝擊。
「對於外生的供給中斷,最佳應對措施可能比需求衝擊要小,但有幾個原因可能需要積極應對,」他在倫敦對聽眾說。
他指出,其中一個原因是,伊朗衝突緊接著新冠疫情結束後的高通膨時期以及俄羅斯入侵烏克蘭之後,這意味著企業和消費者可能更加關注價格。
萊恩重申了歐洲央行的立場,即“中等規模但不太持續的通膨超調可能需要進行一些有控制的調整”,而對於更明顯和更持久的通膨飆升,則必須採取“適當有力或持續的”應對措施。
他認為,油價上漲造成的「需求破壞」限制了所需的緊縮程度,而政府的任何財政刺激措施都會起到相反的作用。
萊恩表示,伊朗石油危機影響的是全世界,而不是像 2022 年烏克蘭戰爭那樣主要影響歐洲,這意味著對經濟成長的打擊會更大。
對通膨的間接影響也可能更大,歐洲央行模型模擬顯示,全球能源成本上漲 10% 將在三年內導致通膨上升 1.5 個百分點,而區域性衝擊則只會導致通膨上升約 0.4 個百分點。
萊恩表示:“全球衝擊意味著世界各地的成本都在上漲,進口渠道無法緩解這一問題。這造成了疊加效應,最終商品價格反映了國際供應商價格上漲的累積影響。”
Gold’s bull run is set to continue in 2026, and crypto’s weakness could boost silver higher
While Bitcoin, AI and the tech sector are likely to take a step back in 2026, gold’s bull run still has legs – and crypto’s weakness could add to silver’s strength, according to Charlie Morris, CIO and founder of ByteTree.
ByteTree created the BOLD Index, which blends Bitcoin and gold on a risk-weighted basis, and the 21Shares BOLD ETP (BOLD) which tracks the index is listed across Europe. The theory behind the BOLD index is that gold and Bitcoin are uncorrelated alternative assets, so balancing between them is very advantageous.
Morris is very bullish on both Bitcoin and gold over the long term. Five years ago – well before the current bull market had even begun – he predicted that the yellow metal would hit $7,000 per ounce by 2030. This was an extreme outlier at the time, but with gold prices gaining around $2,500 in the five years since, it looks less outlandish by the day.
“Generally speaking, I don't make projections, but I did in 2020 make that projection,” Morris told Kitco News. “It's not looking so stupid now.”
“It's all worked for the wrong reasons, which is hilarious,” he said. “And maybe the [original] reasons come true later, but my simple thesis was that long-term expectations for inflation rose in the Western world, from 2% to about 4%, and the money printing would see lasting inflation.”
Morris said markets have since seen monetary inflation, but not yet sustained consumer inflation. Still, he believes this will materialize eventually. “It just seems so inevitable with these persistent deficits that at some point it will come through,” he said. “I just don't see how you can come into this world full of money and for it not to feed through eventually, particularly with policymakers so focused these days on the real economy. As money finds its way into the real economy, then that's got to be inflationary sooner or later.”